The global spread of Middle East respiratory syndrome: an analysis fusing traditional epidemiological tracing and molecular phylodynamics
Identifieur interne : 000F89 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000F88; suivant : 000F90The global spread of Middle East respiratory syndrome: an analysis fusing traditional epidemiological tracing and molecular phylodynamics
Auteurs : Jae Min [États-Unis] ; Eleonora Cella [Italie, États-Unis] ; Massimo Ciccozzi [Italie] ; Antonello Pelosi [Italie] ; Marco Salemi [États-Unis] ; Mattia Prosperi [États-Unis]Source :
- Global Health Research and Policy [ 2397-0642 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
Since its discovery in 2012, over 1700 confirmed cases of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) have been documented worldwide and more than a third of those cases have died. While the greatest number of cases has occurred in Saudi Arabia, the recent export of MERS-coronavirus (MERS-CoV) to Republic of Korea showed that a pandemic is a possibility that cannot be ignored. Due to the deficit of knowledge in transmission methodology, targeted treatment and possible vaccines, understanding this virus should be a priority. Our aim was to combine epidemiological data from literature with genetic information from viruses sequenced around the world to present a phylodynamic picture of MERS spread molecular level to global scale.
We performed a qualitative meta-analysis of all laboratory confirmed cases worldwide to date based on literature, with emphasis on international transmission and healthcare associated infections. In parallel, we used publicly available MERS-CoV genomes from GenBank to create a phylogeographic tree, detailing geospatial timeline of viral evolution.
Several healthcare associated outbreaks starting with the retrospectively identified hospital outbreak in Jordan to the most recent outbreak in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia have occurred. MERS has also crossed many oceans, entering multiple nations in eight waves between 2012 and 2015. In this paper, the spatiotemporal history of MERS cases, as documented epidemiologically, was examined by Bayesian phylogenetic analysis. Distribution of sequences into geographic clusters and interleaving of MERS-CoV sequences from camels among those isolated from humans indicated that multiple zoonotic introductions occurred in endemic nations. We also report a summary of basic reproduction numbers for MERS-CoV in humans and camels.
Together, these analyses can help us identify factors associated with viral evolution and spread as well as establish efficacy of infection control measures. The results are especially pertinent to countries without current MERS-CoV endemic, since their unfamiliarity makes them particularly susceptible to uncontrollable spread of a virus that may be imported by travelers.
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s41256-016-0014-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/s41256-016-0014-7
PubMed: 29202063
PubMed Central: 5693564
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 000372
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 000372
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 000979
- to stream PubMed, to step Corpus: 000F54
- to stream PubMed, to step Curation: 000F54
- to stream PubMed, to step Checkpoint: 000E72
- to stream Ncbi, to step Merge: 001C72
- to stream Ncbi, to step Curation: 001C72
- to stream Ncbi, to step Checkpoint: 001C72
- to stream Main, to step Merge: 000F92
- to stream Main, to step Curation: 000F89
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The global spread of Middle East respiratory syndrome: an analysis fusing traditional epidemiological tracing and molecular phylodynamics</title><author><name sortKey="Min, Jae" sort="Min, Jae" uniqKey="Min J" first="Jae" last="Min">Jae Min</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="Aff1"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.15276.37</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000419368091</institution-id><institution>Department of Epidemiology,</institution><institution>College of Public Health & Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida,</institution></institution-wrap>2004 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32610-0231 USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2004 Mowry Rd, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cella, Eleonora" sort="Cella, Eleonora" uniqKey="Cella E" first="Eleonora" last="Cella">Eleonora Cella</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff2"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.416651.1</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000091206856</institution-id><institution>Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases,</institution><institution>National Institute of Health,</institution></institution-wrap>Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement><region nuts="2">Latium</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff3"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.7841.a</institution-id><institution>Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases,</institution><institution>Sapienza University of Rome,</institution></institution-wrap>Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement><region nuts="2">Latium</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="Aff4"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.15276.37</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000419368091</institution-id><institution>Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine,</institution><institution>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida,</institution></institution-wrap>2055 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2055 Mowry Rd, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ciccozzi, Massimo" sort="Ciccozzi, Massimo" uniqKey="Ciccozzi M" first="Massimo" last="Ciccozzi">Massimo Ciccozzi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff2"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.416651.1</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000091206856</institution-id><institution>Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases,</institution><institution>National Institute of Health,</institution></institution-wrap>Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement><region nuts="2">Latium</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff5">Department of Clinical Pathology and Microbiology Laboratory, University of Biomedical Campus, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, Rome, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Pathology and Microbiology Laboratory, University of Biomedical Campus, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, Rome</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement><region nuts="2">Latium</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pelosi, Antonello" sort="Pelosi, Antonello" uniqKey="Pelosi A" first="Antonello" last="Pelosi">Antonello Pelosi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff2"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.416651.1</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000091206856</institution-id><institution>Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases,</institution><institution>National Institute of Health,</institution></institution-wrap>Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement><region nuts="2">Latium</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salemi, Marco" sort="Salemi, Marco" uniqKey="Salemi M" first="Marco" last="Salemi">Marco Salemi</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="Aff4"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.15276.37</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000419368091</institution-id><institution>Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine,</institution><institution>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida,</institution></institution-wrap>2055 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2055 Mowry Rd, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prosperi, Mattia" sort="Prosperi, Mattia" uniqKey="Prosperi M" first="Mattia" last="Prosperi">Mattia Prosperi</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="Aff1"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.15276.37</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000419368091</institution-id><institution>Department of Epidemiology,</institution><institution>College of Public Health & Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida,</institution></institution-wrap>2004 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32610-0231 USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2004 Mowry Rd, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">29202063</idno><idno type="pmc">5693564</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5693564</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:5693564</idno><idno type="doi">10.1186/s41256-016-0014-7</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000372</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000372</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000372</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000372</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000979</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000979</idno><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><idno type="RBID">pubmed:29202063</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000F54</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000F54</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000F54</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000F54</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000E72</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000E72</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">001C72</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">001C72</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">001C72</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000F92</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000F89</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000F89</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">The global spread of Middle East respiratory syndrome: an analysis fusing traditional epidemiological tracing and molecular phylodynamics</title><author><name sortKey="Min, Jae" sort="Min, Jae" uniqKey="Min J" first="Jae" last="Min">Jae Min</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="Aff1"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.15276.37</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000419368091</institution-id><institution>Department of Epidemiology,</institution><institution>College of Public Health & Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida,</institution></institution-wrap>2004 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32610-0231 USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2004 Mowry Rd, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cella, Eleonora" sort="Cella, Eleonora" uniqKey="Cella E" first="Eleonora" last="Cella">Eleonora Cella</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff2"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.416651.1</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000091206856</institution-id><institution>Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases,</institution><institution>National Institute of Health,</institution></institution-wrap>Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement><region nuts="2">Latium</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff3"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.7841.a</institution-id><institution>Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases,</institution><institution>Sapienza University of Rome,</institution></institution-wrap>Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement><region nuts="2">Latium</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="Aff4"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.15276.37</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000419368091</institution-id><institution>Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine,</institution><institution>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida,</institution></institution-wrap>2055 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2055 Mowry Rd, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ciccozzi, Massimo" sort="Ciccozzi, Massimo" uniqKey="Ciccozzi M" first="Massimo" last="Ciccozzi">Massimo Ciccozzi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff2"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.416651.1</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000091206856</institution-id><institution>Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases,</institution><institution>National Institute of Health,</institution></institution-wrap>Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement><region nuts="2">Latium</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff5">Department of Clinical Pathology and Microbiology Laboratory, University of Biomedical Campus, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, Rome, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Pathology and Microbiology Laboratory, University of Biomedical Campus, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, Rome</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement><region nuts="2">Latium</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pelosi, Antonello" sort="Pelosi, Antonello" uniqKey="Pelosi A" first="Antonello" last="Pelosi">Antonello Pelosi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff2"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.416651.1</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000091206856</institution-id><institution>Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases,</institution><institution>National Institute of Health,</institution></institution-wrap>Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement><region nuts="2">Latium</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salemi, Marco" sort="Salemi, Marco" uniqKey="Salemi M" first="Marco" last="Salemi">Marco Salemi</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="Aff4"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.15276.37</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000419368091</institution-id><institution>Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine,</institution><institution>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida,</institution></institution-wrap>2055 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2055 Mowry Rd, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prosperi, Mattia" sort="Prosperi, Mattia" uniqKey="Prosperi M" first="Mattia" last="Prosperi">Mattia Prosperi</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="Aff1"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.15276.37</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000419368091</institution-id><institution>Department of Epidemiology,</institution><institution>College of Public Health & Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida,</institution></institution-wrap>2004 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32610-0231 USA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2004 Mowry Rd, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Global Health Research and Policy</title><idno type="eISSN">2397-0642</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p id="Par1">Since its discovery in 2012, over 1700 confirmed cases of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) have been documented worldwide and more than a third of those cases have died. While the greatest number of cases has occurred in Saudi Arabia, the recent export of MERS-coronavirus (MERS-CoV) to Republic of Korea showed that a pandemic is a possibility that cannot be ignored. Due to the deficit of knowledge in transmission methodology, targeted treatment and possible vaccines, understanding this virus should be a priority. Our aim was to combine epidemiological data from literature with genetic information from viruses sequenced around the world to present a phylodynamic picture of MERS spread molecular level to global scale.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p id="Par2">We performed a qualitative meta-analysis of all laboratory confirmed cases worldwide to date based on literature, with emphasis on international transmission and healthcare associated infections. In parallel, we used publicly available MERS-CoV genomes from GenBank to create a phylogeographic tree, detailing geospatial timeline of viral evolution.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p id="Par3">Several healthcare associated outbreaks starting with the retrospectively identified hospital outbreak in Jordan to the most recent outbreak in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia have occurred. MERS has also crossed many oceans, entering multiple nations in eight waves between 2012 and 2015. In this paper, the spatiotemporal history of MERS cases, as documented epidemiologically, was examined by Bayesian phylogenetic analysis. Distribution of sequences into geographic clusters and interleaving of MERS-CoV sequences from camels among those isolated from humans indicated that multiple zoonotic introductions occurred in endemic nations. We also report a summary of basic reproduction numbers for MERS-CoV in humans and camels.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p id="Par4">Together, these analyses can help us identify factors associated with viral evolution and spread as well as establish efficacy of infection control measures. The results are especially pertinent to countries without current MERS-CoV endemic, since their unfamiliarity makes them particularly susceptible to uncontrollable spread of a virus that may be imported by travelers.</p></sec><sec><title>Electronic supplementary material</title><p>The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s41256-016-0014-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cowling, Bj" uniqKey="Cowling B">BJ Cowling</name></author><author><name sortKey="Park, M" uniqKey="Park M">M Park</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fang, Vj" uniqKey="Fang V">VJ Fang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, P" uniqKey="Wu P">P Wu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Leung, Gm" uniqKey="Leung G">GM Leung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, Jt" uniqKey="Wu J">JT Wu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chan, Jfw" uniqKey="Chan J">JFW Chan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lau, Skp" uniqKey="Lau S">SKP Lau</name></author><author><name sortKey="To, Kkw" uniqKey="To K">KKW To</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cheng, Vcc" uniqKey="Cheng V">VCC Cheng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Woo, Pcy" uniqKey="Woo P">PCY Woo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yuen, K Y" uniqKey="Yuen K">K-Y Yuen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Coleman, Cm" uniqKey="Coleman C">CM Coleman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Frieman, Mb" uniqKey="Frieman M">MB Frieman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hu, B" uniqKey="Hu B">B Hu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ge, X" uniqKey="Ge X">X Ge</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, L F" uniqKey="Wang L">L-F Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shi, Z" uniqKey="Shi Z">Z Shi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mohd, Ha" uniqKey="Mohd H">HA Mohd</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Van Den Brand, Jm" uniqKey="Van Den Brand J">JM van den Brand</name></author><author><name sortKey="Smits, Sl" uniqKey="Smits S">SL Smits</name></author><author><name sortKey="Haagmans, Bl" uniqKey="Haagmans B">BL Haagmans</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Alsolamy, S" uniqKey="Alsolamy S">S Alsolamy</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Milne Price, S" uniqKey="Milne Price S">S Milne-Price</name></author><author><name sortKey="Miazgowicz, Kl" uniqKey="Miazgowicz K">KL Miazgowicz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Munster, Vj" uniqKey="Munster V">VJ Munster</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="De Sousa, R" uniqKey="De Sousa R">R de Sousa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Reusken, C" uniqKey="Reusken C">C Reusken</name></author><author><name sortKey="Koopmans, M" uniqKey="Koopmans M">M Koopmans</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Z" uniqKey="Memish Z">Z Memish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mackay, Im" uniqKey="Mackay I">IM Mackay</name></author><author><name sortKey="Arden, Ke" uniqKey="Arden K">KE Arden</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Otter, Ja" uniqKey="Otter J">JA Otter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Donskey, C" uniqKey="Donskey C">C Donskey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yezli, S" uniqKey="Yezli S">S Yezli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Douthwaite, S" uniqKey="Douthwaite S">S Douthwaite</name></author><author><name sortKey="Goldenberg, Sd" uniqKey="Goldenberg S">SD Goldenberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weber, Dj" uniqKey="Weber D">DJ Weber</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bin, Sy" uniqKey="Bin S">SY Bin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Heo, Jy" uniqKey="Heo J">JY Heo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Song, Ms" uniqKey="Song M">MS Song</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, J" uniqKey="Lee J">J Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Eh" uniqKey="Kim E">EH Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Park, Sj" uniqKey="Park S">SJ Park</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zumla, A" uniqKey="Zumla A">A Zumla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hui, Ds" uniqKey="Hui D">DS Hui</name></author><author><name sortKey="Perlman, S" uniqKey="Perlman S">S Perlman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ki, M" uniqKey="Ki M">M Ki</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lu, G" uniqKey="Lu G">G Lu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Q" uniqKey="Wang Q">Q Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gao, Gf" uniqKey="Gao G">GF Gao</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chowell, G" uniqKey="Chowell G">G Chowell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abdirizak, F" uniqKey="Abdirizak F">F Abdirizak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, S" uniqKey="Lee S">S Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, J" uniqKey="Lee J">J Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jung, E" uniqKey="Jung E">E Jung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nishiura, H" uniqKey="Nishiura H">H Nishiura</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Durai, P" uniqKey="Durai P">P Durai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Batool, M" uniqKey="Batool M">M Batool</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shah, M" uniqKey="Shah M">M Shah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Choi, S" uniqKey="Choi S">S Choi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Grenfell, Bt" uniqKey="Grenfell B">BT Grenfell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pybus, Og" uniqKey="Pybus O">OG Pybus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gog, Jr" uniqKey="Gog J">JR Gog</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wood, Jln" uniqKey="Wood J">JLN Wood</name></author><author><name sortKey="Daly, Jm" uniqKey="Daly J">JM Daly</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mumford, Ja" uniqKey="Mumford J">JA Mumford</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Khan, Ks" uniqKey="Khan K">KS Khan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kunz, R" uniqKey="Kunz R">R Kunz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kleijnen, J" uniqKey="Kleijnen J">J Kleijnen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Antes, G" uniqKey="Antes G">G Antes</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Thompson, Jd" uniqKey="Thompson J">JD Thompson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gibson, Tj" uniqKey="Gibson T">TJ Gibson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Plewniak, F" uniqKey="Plewniak F">F Plewniak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jeanmougin, F" uniqKey="Jeanmougin F">F Jeanmougin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Higgins, Dg" uniqKey="Higgins D">DG Higgins</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hall, T" uniqKey="Hall T">T Hall</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Posada, D" uniqKey="Posada D">D Posada</name></author><author><name sortKey="Crandall, Ka" uniqKey="Crandall K">KA Crandall</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Martin, Dp" uniqKey="Martin D">DP Martin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Murrell, B" uniqKey="Murrell B">B Murrell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Golden, M" uniqKey="Golden M">M Golden</name></author><author><name sortKey="Khoosal, A" uniqKey="Khoosal A">A Khoosal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Muhire, B" uniqKey="Muhire B">B Muhire</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Martin, D" uniqKey="Martin D">D Martin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Posada, D" uniqKey="Posada D">D Posada</name></author><author><name sortKey="Crandall, K" uniqKey="Crandall K">K Crandall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Williamson, C" uniqKey="Williamson C">C Williamson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schmidt, Ha" uniqKey="Schmidt H">HA Schmidt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Strimmer, K" uniqKey="Strimmer K">K Strimmer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vingron, M" uniqKey="Vingron M">M Vingron</name></author><author><name sortKey="Von Haeseler, A" uniqKey="Von Haeseler A">A von Haeseler</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Strimmer, K" uniqKey="Strimmer K">K Strimmer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Von Haeseler, A" uniqKey="Von Haeseler A">A von Haeseler</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rambaut, A" uniqKey="Rambaut A">A Rambaut</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lam, Tt" uniqKey="Lam T">TT Lam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Carvalho, Lm" uniqKey="Carvalho L">LM Carvalho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pybus, Og" uniqKey="Pybus O">OG Pybus</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Drummond, Aj" uniqKey="Drummond A">AJ Drummond</name></author><author><name sortKey="Suchard, Ma" uniqKey="Suchard M">MA Suchard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Xie, D" uniqKey="Xie D">D Xie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rambaut, A" uniqKey="Rambaut A">A Rambaut</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Drummond, Aj" uniqKey="Drummond A">AJ Drummond</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rambaut, A" uniqKey="Rambaut A">A Rambaut</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shapiro, B" uniqKey="Shapiro B">B Shapiro</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pybus, Og" uniqKey="Pybus O">OG Pybus</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Minin, Vn" uniqKey="Minin V">VN Minin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bloomquist, Ew" uniqKey="Bloomquist E">EW Bloomquist</name></author><author><name sortKey="Suchard, Ma" uniqKey="Suchard M">MA Suchard</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Drummond, Aj" uniqKey="Drummond A">AJ Drummond</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nicholls, Gk" uniqKey="Nicholls G">GK Nicholls</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rodrigo, Ag" uniqKey="Rodrigo A">AG Rodrigo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Solomon, W" uniqKey="Solomon W">W Solomon</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Baele, G" uniqKey="Baele G">G Baele</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lemey, P" uniqKey="Lemey P">P Lemey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bedford, T" uniqKey="Bedford T">T Bedford</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rambaut, A" uniqKey="Rambaut A">A Rambaut</name></author><author><name sortKey="Suchard, Ma" uniqKey="Suchard M">MA Suchard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alekseyenko, Av" uniqKey="Alekseyenko A">AV Alekseyenko</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Baele, G" uniqKey="Baele G">G Baele</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lemey, P" uniqKey="Lemey P">P Lemey</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kass, Re" uniqKey="Kass R">RE Kass</name></author><author><name sortKey="Raftery, Ae" uniqKey="Raftery A">AE Raftery</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lemey, P" uniqKey="Lemey P">P Lemey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rambaut, A" uniqKey="Rambaut A">A Rambaut</name></author><author><name sortKey="Drummond, Aj" uniqKey="Drummond A">AJ Drummond</name></author><author><name sortKey="Suchard, Ma" uniqKey="Suchard M">MA Suchard</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lemey, P" uniqKey="Lemey P">P Lemey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rambaut, A" uniqKey="Rambaut A">A Rambaut</name></author><author><name sortKey="Welch, Jj" uniqKey="Welch J">JJ Welch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Suchard, Ma" uniqKey="Suchard M">MA Suchard</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C Drosten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Seilmaier, M" uniqKey="Seilmaier M">M Seilmaier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Corman, Vm" uniqKey="Corman V">VM Corman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hartmann, W" uniqKey="Hartmann W">W Hartmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Scheible, G" uniqKey="Scheible G">G Scheible</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sack, S" uniqKey="Sack S">S Sack</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sabir, Jsm" uniqKey="Sabir J">JSM Sabir</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lam, Tt Y" uniqKey="Lam T">TT-Y Lam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ahmed, Mmm" uniqKey="Ahmed M">MMM Ahmed</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, L" uniqKey="Li L">L Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shen, Y" uniqKey="Shen Y">Y Shen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abo Aba, Se" uniqKey="Abo Aba S">SE Abo-Aba</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Seong, M W" uniqKey="Seong M">M-W Seong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Sy" uniqKey="Kim S">SY Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Corman, Vm" uniqKey="Corman V">VM Corman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Ts" uniqKey="Kim T">TS Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cho, Si" uniqKey="Cho S">SI Cho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Mj" uniqKey="Kim M">MJ Kim</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kim, Ji" uniqKey="Kim J">JI Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Y J" uniqKey="Kim Y">Y-J Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lemey, P" uniqKey="Lemey P">P Lemey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, I" uniqKey="Lee I">I Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Park, S" uniqKey="Park S">S Park</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bae, J Y" uniqKey="Bae J">J-Y Bae</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hijawi, B" uniqKey="Hijawi B">B Hijawi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abdallat, M" uniqKey="Abdallat M">M Abdallat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sayaydeh, A" uniqKey="Sayaydeh A">A Sayaydeh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alqasrawi, S" uniqKey="Alqasrawi S">S Alqasrawi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Haddadin, A" uniqKey="Haddadin A">A Haddadin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jaarour, N" uniqKey="Jaarour N">N Jaarour</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Van Boheemen, S" uniqKey="Van Boheemen S">S van Boheemen</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Graaf, M" uniqKey="De Graaf M">M de Graaf</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lauber, C" uniqKey="Lauber C">C Lauber</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bestebroer, Tm" uniqKey="Bestebroer T">TM Bestebroer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Raj, Vs" uniqKey="Raj V">VS Raj</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zaki, Am" uniqKey="Zaki A">AM Zaki</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bermingham, A" uniqKey="Bermingham A">A Bermingham</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chand, Ma" uniqKey="Chand M">MA Chand</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brown, Cs" uniqKey="Brown C">CS Brown</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aarons, E" uniqKey="Aarons E">E Aarons</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tong, C" uniqKey="Tong C">C Tong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Langrish, C" uniqKey="Langrish C">C Langrish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Guery, B" uniqKey="Guery B">B Guery</name></author><author><name sortKey="Poissy, J" uniqKey="Poissy J">J Poissy</name></author><author><name sortKey="El Mansouf, L" uniqKey="El Mansouf L">L el Mansouf</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sejourne, C" uniqKey="Sejourne C">C Séjourné</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ettahar, N" uniqKey="Ettahar N">N Ettahar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lemaire, X" uniqKey="Lemaire X">X Lemaire</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Assiri, A" uniqKey="Assiri A">A Assiri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Rabeeah, Aa" uniqKey="Al Rabeeah A">AA Al-Rabeeah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Rabiah, Fa" uniqKey="Al Rabiah F">FA Al-Rabiah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hajjar, S" uniqKey="Al Hajjar S">S Al-Hajjar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Barrak, A" uniqKey="Al Barrak A">A Al-Barrak</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Assiri, A" uniqKey="Assiri A">A Assiri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mcgeer, A" uniqKey="Mcgeer A">A McGeer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Perl, Tm" uniqKey="Perl T">TM Perl</name></author><author><name sortKey="Price, Cs" uniqKey="Price C">CS Price</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Rabeeah, Aa" uniqKey="Al Rabeeah A">AA Al Rabeeah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cummings, Dat" uniqKey="Cummings D">DAT Cummings</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cotten, M" uniqKey="Cotten M">M Cotten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Watson, Sj" uniqKey="Watson S">SJ Watson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kellam, P" uniqKey="Kellam P">P Kellam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Rabeeah, Aa" uniqKey="Al Rabeeah A">AA Al-Rabeeah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Makhdoom, Hq" uniqKey="Makhdoom H">HQ Makhdoom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Assiri, A" uniqKey="Assiri A">A Assiri</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cotten, M" uniqKey="Cotten M">M Cotten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Watson, Sj" uniqKey="Watson S">SJ Watson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kellam, P" uniqKey="Kellam P">P Kellam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zumla, A" uniqKey="Zumla A">A Zumla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alhakeem, Rf" uniqKey="Alhakeem R">RF Alhakeem</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yavarian, J" uniqKey="Yavarian J">J Yavarian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rezaei, F" uniqKey="Rezaei F">F Rezaei</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shadab, A" uniqKey="Shadab A">A Shadab</name></author><author><name sortKey="Soroush, M" uniqKey="Soroush M">M Soroush</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gooya, Mm" uniqKey="Gooya M">MM Gooya</name></author><author><name sortKey="Azad, Tm" uniqKey="Azad T">TM Azad</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fagbo, Sf" uniqKey="Fagbo S">SF Fagbo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Skakni, L" uniqKey="Skakni L">L Skakni</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chu, Dkw" uniqKey="Chu D">DKW Chu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Garbati, Ma" uniqKey="Garbati M">MA Garbati</name></author><author><name sortKey="Joseph, M" uniqKey="Joseph M">M Joseph</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peiris, M" uniqKey="Peiris M">M Peiris</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hastings, Dl" uniqKey="Hastings D">DL Hastings</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tokars, Ji" uniqKey="Tokars J">JI Tokars</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abdel Aziz, Izam" uniqKey="Abdel Aziz I">IZAM Abdel Aziz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alkhaldi, Kz" uniqKey="Alkhaldi K">KZ Alkhaldi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bensadek, At" uniqKey="Bensadek A">AT Bensadek</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alraddadi, Bm" uniqKey="Alraddadi B">BM Alraddadi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Oboho, Ik" uniqKey="Oboho I">IK Oboho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tomczyk, Sm" uniqKey="Tomczyk S">SM Tomczyk</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Asmari, Am" uniqKey="Al Asmari A">AM Al-Asmari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Banjar, Aa" uniqKey="Banjar A">AA Banjar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Mugti, H" uniqKey="Al Mugti H">H Al-Mugti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aloraini, Ms" uniqKey="Aloraini M">MS Aloraini</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Drosten, C" uniqKey="Drosten C">C Drosten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Muth, D" uniqKey="Muth D">D Muth</name></author><author><name sortKey="Corman, Vm" uniqKey="Corman V">VM Corman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hussain, R" uniqKey="Hussain R">R Hussain</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Masri, M" uniqKey="Al Masri M">M Al Masri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hajomar, W" uniqKey="Hajomar W">W HajOmar</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kossyvakis, A" uniqKey="Kossyvakis A">A Kossyvakis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tao, Y" uniqKey="Tao Y">Y Tao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, X" uniqKey="Lu X">X Lu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pogka, V" uniqKey="Pogka V">V Pogka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tsiodras, S" uniqKey="Tsiodras S">S Tsiodras</name></author><author><name sortKey="Emmanouil, M" uniqKey="Emmanouil M">M Emmanouil</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lu, R" uniqKey="Lu R">R Lu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Y" uniqKey="Wang Y">Y Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, W" uniqKey="Wang W">W Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nie, K" uniqKey="Nie K">K Nie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Y" uniqKey="Zhao Y">Y Zhao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Su, J" uniqKey="Su J">J Su</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Balkhy, Hh" uniqKey="Balkhy H">HH Balkhy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alenazi, Th" uniqKey="Alenazi T">TH Alenazi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alshamrani, Mm" uniqKey="Alshamrani M">MM Alshamrani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baffoe Bonnie, H" uniqKey="Baffoe Bonnie H">H Baffoe-Bonnie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Abdely, Hm" uniqKey="Al Abdely H">HM Al-Abdely</name></author><author><name sortKey="El Saed, A" uniqKey="El Saed A">A El-Saed</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cauchemez, S" uniqKey="Cauchemez S">S Cauchemez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fraser, C" uniqKey="Fraser C">C Fraser</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Kerkhove, Md" uniqKey="Van Kerkhove M">MD Van Kerkhove</name></author><author><name sortKey="Donnelly, Ca" uniqKey="Donnelly C">CA Donnelly</name></author><author><name sortKey="Riley, S" uniqKey="Riley S">S Riley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rambaut, A" uniqKey="Rambaut A">A Rambaut</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Breban, R" uniqKey="Breban R">R Breban</name></author><author><name sortKey="Riou, J" uniqKey="Riou J">J Riou</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fontanet, A" uniqKey="Fontanet A">A Fontanet</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Majumder, Ms" uniqKey="Majumder M">MS Majumder</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rivers, C" uniqKey="Rivers C">C Rivers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lofgren, E" uniqKey="Lofgren E">E Lofgren</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fisman, D" uniqKey="Fisman D">D Fisman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hsieh, Y H" uniqKey="Hsieh Y">Y-H Hsieh</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kucharski, Aj" uniqKey="Kucharski A">AJ Kucharski</name></author><author><name sortKey="Edmunds, Wj" uniqKey="Edmunds W">WJ Edmunds</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Haagmans, Bl" uniqKey="Haagmans B">BL Haagmans</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Dhahiry, Shs" uniqKey="Al Dhahiry S">SHS Al Dhahiry</name></author><author><name sortKey="Reusken, Cbem" uniqKey="Reusken C">CBEM Reusken</name></author><author><name sortKey="Raj, Vs" uniqKey="Raj V">VS Raj</name></author><author><name sortKey="Galiano, M" uniqKey="Galiano M">M Galiano</name></author><author><name sortKey="Myers, R" uniqKey="Myers R">R Myers</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Azhar, Ei" uniqKey="Azhar E">EI Azhar</name></author><author><name sortKey="El Kafrawy, Sa" uniqKey="El Kafrawy S">SA El-Kafrawy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Farraj, Sa" uniqKey="Farraj S">SA Farraj</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hassan, Am" uniqKey="Hassan A">AM Hassan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Saeed, Ms" uniqKey="Al Saeed M">MS Al-Saeed</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hashem, Am" uniqKey="Hashem A">AM Hashem</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Frost, Sdw" uniqKey="Frost S">SDW Frost</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pybus, Og" uniqKey="Pybus O">OG Pybus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gog, Jr" uniqKey="Gog J">JR Gog</name></author><author><name sortKey="Viboud, C" uniqKey="Viboud C">C Viboud</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bonhoeffer, S" uniqKey="Bonhoeffer S">S Bonhoeffer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bedford, T" uniqKey="Bedford T">T Bedford</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cotten, M" uniqKey="Cotten M">M Cotten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Watson, Sj" uniqKey="Watson S">SJ Watson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zumla, Ai" uniqKey="Zumla A">AI Zumla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Makhdoom, Hq" uniqKey="Makhdoom H">HQ Makhdoom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Palser, Al" uniqKey="Palser A">AL Palser</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ong, Sh" uniqKey="Ong S">SH Ong</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kapoor, M" uniqKey="Kapoor M">M Kapoor</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pringle, K" uniqKey="Pringle K">K Pringle</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kumar, A" uniqKey="Kumar A">A Kumar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dearth, S" uniqKey="Dearth S">S Dearth</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, L" uniqKey="Liu L">L Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lovchik, J" uniqKey="Lovchik J">J Lovchik</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hemida, Mg" uniqKey="Hemida M">MG Hemida</name></author><author><name sortKey="Elmoslemany, A" uniqKey="Elmoslemany A">A Elmoslemany</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hizab, F" uniqKey="Al Hizab F">F Al-Hizab</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alnaeem, A" uniqKey="Alnaeem A">A Alnaeem</name></author><author><name sortKey="Almathen, F" uniqKey="Almathen F">F Almathen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Faye, B" uniqKey="Faye B">B Faye</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Alagaili, An" uniqKey="Alagaili A">AN Alagaili</name></author><author><name sortKey="Briese, T" uniqKey="Briese T">T Briese</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mishra, N" uniqKey="Mishra N">N Mishra</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kapoor, V" uniqKey="Kapoor V">V Kapoor</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sameroff, Sc" uniqKey="Sameroff S">SC Sameroff</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Wit, E" uniqKey="De Wit E">E de Wit</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Alexandersen, S" uniqKey="Alexandersen S">S Alexandersen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kobinger, Gp" uniqKey="Kobinger G">GP Kobinger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Soule, G" uniqKey="Soule G">G Soule</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wernery, U" uniqKey="Wernery U">U Wernery</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nowotny, N" uniqKey="Nowotny N">N Nowotny</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kolodziejek, J" uniqKey="Kolodziejek J">J Kolodziejek</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Omrani, As" uniqKey="Omrani A">AS Omrani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Muller, Ma" uniqKey="Muller M">MA Müller</name></author><author><name sortKey="Corman, Vm" uniqKey="Corman V">VM Corman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jores, J" uniqKey="Jores J">J Jores</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meyer, B" uniqKey="Meyer B">B Meyer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Younan, M" uniqKey="Younan M">M Younan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liljander, A" uniqKey="Liljander A">A Liljander</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Briese, T" uniqKey="Briese T">T Briese</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mishra, N" uniqKey="Mishra N">N Mishra</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jain, K" uniqKey="Jain K">K Jain</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zalmout, Is" uniqKey="Zalmout I">IS Zalmout</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jabado, Oj" uniqKey="Jabado O">OJ Jabado</name></author><author><name sortKey="Karesh, Wb" uniqKey="Karesh W">WB Karesh</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chu, Dkw" uniqKey="Chu D">DKW Chu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Poon, Llm" uniqKey="Poon L">LLM Poon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gomaa, Mm" uniqKey="Gomaa M">MM Gomaa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shehata, Mm" uniqKey="Shehata M">MM Shehata</name></author><author><name sortKey="Perera, Rapm" uniqKey="Perera R">RAPM Perera</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abu Zeid, D" uniqKey="Abu Zeid D">D Abu Zeid</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wernery, U" uniqKey="Wernery U">U Wernery</name></author><author><name sortKey="Corman, Vm" uniqKey="Corman V">VM Corman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, Eym" uniqKey="Wong E">EYM Wong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tsang, Akl" uniqKey="Tsang A">AKL Tsang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Muth, D" uniqKey="Muth D">D Muth</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lau, Skp" uniqKey="Lau S">SKP Lau</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cotten, M" uniqKey="Cotten M">M Cotten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meyer, B" uniqKey="Meyer B">B Meyer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Watson, Sj" uniqKey="Watson S">SJ Watson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alsahafi, Aj" uniqKey="Alsahafi A">AJ Alsahafi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Rabeeah, Aa" uniqKey="Al Rabeeah A">AA Al Rabeeah</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wernery, U" uniqKey="Wernery U">U Wernery</name></author><author><name sortKey="El Rasoul, Ih" uniqKey="El Rasoul I">IH El Rasoul</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, Ey" uniqKey="Wong E">EY Wong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Joseph, M" uniqKey="Joseph M">M Joseph</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Y" uniqKey="Chen Y">Y Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jose, S" uniqKey="Jose S">S Jose</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Muller, Ma" uniqKey="Muller M">MA Müller</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meyer, B" uniqKey="Meyer B">B Meyer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Corman, Vm" uniqKey="Corman V">VM Corman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Masri, M" uniqKey="Al Masri M">M Al-Masri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Turkestani, A" uniqKey="Turkestani A">A Turkestani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ritz, D" uniqKey="Ritz D">D Ritz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Raj, Vs" uniqKey="Raj V">VS Raj</name></author><author><name sortKey="Farag, Eaba" uniqKey="Farag E">EABA Farag</name></author><author><name sortKey="Reusken, Cbem" uniqKey="Reusken C">CBEM Reusken</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lamers, Mm" uniqKey="Lamers M">MM Lamers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pas, Sd" uniqKey="Pas S">SD Pas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Voermans, J" uniqKey="Voermans J">J Voermans</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gray, Rr" uniqKey="Gray R">RR Gray</name></author><author><name sortKey="Salemi, M" uniqKey="Salemi M">M Salemi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Al Mohrej, Oa" uniqKey="Al Mohrej O">OA Al-Mohrej</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Shirian, Sd" uniqKey="Al Shirian S">SD Al-Shirian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Otaibi, Sk" uniqKey="Al Otaibi S">SK Al-Otaibi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tamim, Hm" uniqKey="Tamim H">HM Tamim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Masuadi, Em" uniqKey="Masuadi E">EM Masuadi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fakhoury, Hm" uniqKey="Fakhoury H">HM Fakhoury</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Almutairi, Km" uniqKey="Almutairi K">KM Almutairi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Helih, Em" uniqKey="Al Helih E">EM Al Helih</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moussa, M" uniqKey="Moussa M">M Moussa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boshaiqah, Ae" uniqKey="Boshaiqah A">AE Boshaiqah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saleh Alajilan, A" uniqKey="Saleh Alajilan A">A Saleh Alajilan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vinluan, Jm" uniqKey="Vinluan J">JM Vinluan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Alqahtani, As" uniqKey="Alqahtani A">AS Alqahtani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wiley, Ke" uniqKey="Wiley K">KE Wiley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tashani, M" uniqKey="Tashani M">M Tashani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Heywood, Ae" uniqKey="Heywood A">AE Heywood</name></author><author><name sortKey="Willaby, Hw" uniqKey="Willaby H">HW Willaby</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bindhim, Nf" uniqKey="Bindhim N">NF BinDhim</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Barasheed, O" uniqKey="Barasheed O">O Barasheed</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rashid, H" uniqKey="Rashid H">H Rashid</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alfelali, M" uniqKey="Alfelali M">M Alfelali</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tashani, M" uniqKey="Tashani M">M Tashani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Azeem, M" uniqKey="Azeem M">M Azeem</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bokhary, H" uniqKey="Bokhary H">H Bokhary</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Memish, Za" uniqKey="Memish Z">ZA Memish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Tawfiq, Ja" uniqKey="Al Tawfiq J">JA Al-Tawfiq</name></author><author><name sortKey="Makhdoom, Hq" uniqKey="Makhdoom H">HQ Makhdoom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Al Rabeeah, Aa" uniqKey="Al Rabeeah A">AA Al-Rabeeah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Assiri, A" uniqKey="Assiri A">A Assiri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alhakeem, Rf" uniqKey="Alhakeem R">RF Alhakeem</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Italie</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Floride</li><li>Latium</li></region><settlement><li>Rome</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Floride"><name sortKey="Min, Jae" sort="Min, Jae" uniqKey="Min J" first="Jae" last="Min">Jae Min</name></region><name sortKey="Cella, Eleonora" sort="Cella, Eleonora" uniqKey="Cella E" first="Eleonora" last="Cella">Eleonora Cella</name><name sortKey="Prosperi, Mattia" sort="Prosperi, Mattia" uniqKey="Prosperi M" first="Mattia" last="Prosperi">Mattia Prosperi</name><name sortKey="Salemi, Marco" sort="Salemi, Marco" uniqKey="Salemi M" first="Marco" last="Salemi">Marco Salemi</name></country><country name="Italie"><region name="Latium"><name sortKey="Cella, Eleonora" sort="Cella, Eleonora" uniqKey="Cella E" first="Eleonora" last="Cella">Eleonora Cella</name></region><name sortKey="Cella, Eleonora" sort="Cella, Eleonora" uniqKey="Cella E" first="Eleonora" last="Cella">Eleonora Cella</name><name sortKey="Ciccozzi, Massimo" sort="Ciccozzi, Massimo" uniqKey="Ciccozzi M" first="Massimo" last="Ciccozzi">Massimo Ciccozzi</name><name sortKey="Ciccozzi, Massimo" sort="Ciccozzi, Massimo" uniqKey="Ciccozzi M" first="Massimo" last="Ciccozzi">Massimo Ciccozzi</name><name sortKey="Pelosi, Antonello" sort="Pelosi, Antonello" uniqKey="Pelosi A" first="Antonello" last="Pelosi">Antonello Pelosi</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/MersV1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000F89 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 000F89 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Sante
|area= MersV1
|flux= Main
|étape= Exploration
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:5693564
|texte= The global spread of Middle East respiratory syndrome: an analysis fusing traditional epidemiological tracing and molecular phylodynamics
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:29202063" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a MersV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |